Affordable Arts Fair Singapore 2019

About Me

My name is Tak Senryu Uchikawa, my school admission number is 1703978E and my class group is PB03. The person who encouraged me to go to the art fair was my class facilitator Ms Sheila Sim.

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Non-Plagiarism Clause

By submitting this work, I am / we are declaring that I am / we are the originator(s) of this work and that all other original sources used in this work has been appropriately acknowledged. I / We understand that plagiarism is the act of taking and using the whole or any part of another person’s work and presenting it as my / our own without proper acknowledgement. I / We also understand that plagiarism is an academic offence and that disciplinary action will be taken for plagiarism.

The Event

Established in 1999 by Will Ramsey, the Affordable Arts Fair has grown to become one of the world’s leading platforms for people to gain access to and buy affordable artworks. Hosting 13 different art fairs in 10 different cities including Milan, London and, of course, Singapore.

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Brought to Singapore in 2010, this year’s edition will be marked as the 10th year that the fair has been hosted in Singapore. Attracting 9,500 visitors and earning $1.75 million in sales in its infancy, it has grown from strength to strength ever since. Gathering 12,000 visitors and earning up to $3.7 million in sales in last year’s edition (2018).

Its Aspirations

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The Straits Times (2019). Affordable Art Fair returns for 10th edition from Nov 22 to 24 (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/arts/affordable-art-fair-returns-for-10th-edition-from-nov-22-to-24
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Art & Market (2019). Affordable Art Fair back for 10th edition (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.artandmarket.net/news/2019/11/01/affordable-art-fair-singapore-back-for-10th-edition

According to the images above, Mr Alan Koh hopes that his event will be able to nurture a healthy and sustainable art ecosystem in Singapore by developing a new generation of art collectors and cultivating young and/or new artists.

And first-time buyers will not have a limit of options on art pieces as this year’s edition of the fair boasts over 80 galleries with more than 600 local and international artists exhibiting their artworks. Ensuring that the new generation of art collectors will have plenty to choose from to begin their art collection.

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Mountain Village Nighttime by Emma Haworth
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Description of YTP found at the fair

And in order to cultivate artistic talents in and around Singapore, Mr Koh has utilised the fair’s Young Talent Programme (YTP) showcase to unearth artistic talents early and provide them with opportunities and exposure to the arts world. This way, aspiring artists can use Affordable Art Fair as a platform and see it as tangible evidence that they do have a future as an artist.

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Potential future art collectors viewing the art pieces of today

By developing and nurturing a new generation of art collectors and artists, Mr Koh has ensured the renewal and survival of the art ecosystem in Singapore. Without new blood, the Singapore art ecosystem will slowly die out as buyers and sellers feed off one another for survival and are inherently linked.

Who is the Target Market?

Based on what I had said earlier on, it is clear to see that the fair is targeting aspiring art collectors and artists. However, what I have failed to do, is to mention the other markets that the fair is targeting, such as families with kids.

For example, the ‘If Lines Could Dance’ and ‘Mark Making Explorer’ installations are programmes aimed at the kids of families and are meant to help them develop an interest in art from a tender age. Thus, instilling a long-term interest in art which will be of benefit to Singapore’s art ecosystem in the future.

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Kids at work

Another aspect of the fair which indicates their interest in attracting families with kids are their promotional efforts through social media. The image below shows one of their Instagram posts promoting some of their programmes (especially the children’s programmes) to families.

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Instagram (2019). Affordable art fair sg (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.instagram.com/p/B5MvJcMHsFU/

What else is there?

Other programmes apart from the ones I had already mentioned earlier include a portable studio by ALEXANDMUSHI and Dorsett Birds by Dorsett Hospitality International. Although, there are definitely more programmes than the ones I am about to mention

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Fair guide indicating the list of programmes available

The portable studio encourages guest to participate in this interactive gallery in order to explore the concept of non-verbal communication and show how people are still able to connect even without verbal communication.

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Me participating in the interactive gallery

The Dorsett Birds were made in order to celebrate the fair’s 20th anniversary globally and 10th anniversary in Singapore. Inspired by their official hotel partner’s icon of a bird, it was brought to life using environmentally friendly paper.

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Made by Hong Kong art due Stickyline

When and Where?

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Affordable Art Fair (2019). Fairs (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://affordableartfair.com/fairs/singapore

The fair’s website indicates both the opening times and the location of the fair. And personally, I find no issue with the opening timings. As most working adults do no work over the weekends. And students and kids do not have to go to school during that period.

However, adults, students and kids alike may have trouble attending the fair due to prior schedule arrangements. For example, students having supplementary classes on the weekends.

As for the location of the fair, it is easily accessible by car, bus or train. If visitors are travelling by car, there is ample free parking spaces for them. Although, it is subjected to availability.

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Parking space outside the fair

Although it was accessible, I found it hazardous to walk from the train station to the fair, as traffic lights were few and far between. And when it began to rain, it was difficult to find shelter along the way. And I find that people travelling by bus, may encounter the same issues.

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The closest train station to the fair

The Stakeholders

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Stakeholder diagram

Voluntary Welfare Organisation (VWO): The Singapore Cancer Society

By participating in the fair, the Singapore Cancer Society (SCS) will be able to spread awareness about their cause and garner support for it. They are even involved in an Art Therapy Talk prepared by the fair, whereby a guest speaker spoke about how art therapy benefits people’s mental and physical well-being.

And by supporting the SCS, the Affordable Arts Fair will gain positive publicity and attention from the media and event participants as it shows that they care about the well-being of the society. They even set-up the Adopt Songsong workshop, whereby all proceeds will be donated to the SCS.

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A small stand explaining the adopt Songsong workshop

Artists: The Exhibitors

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Artist at work

By participating in the event, art exhibitors will gain the opportunity to showcase their work and gain exposure and traction in the arts industry. As for the fair, they will be able to obtain a number of art pieces to display during the fair.

Art Associations: Visual Arts Development Association (VADA)

VADA provides opportunities and a platform for individuals who will represent Singapore on the visual art scene. And by being a part of the fair, they could gain better recognition from artists who may then seek help from them. And having VADA, who help artists in Singapore gain a foothold on the international art scene, as part of the fair will help Mr Alan Koh achieve the objectives his event.

Property Owner: Singapore Tourism Board (STB)

The F1 pit building is owned by the STB and was built to host the Singapore Singtel Grand Prix during the September period. Thus, the building is normally vacant for other parts of the year. By renting out the space to Affordable Arts Fair Singapore, the building can still remain relevant during its off-peak periods.

Arts Media: Honeycombers & The Wall Street Journal

Sometimes, the marketing effort of an event is not enough on its own for the event to gain traction. And sometimes, events would use web-based news sources to promote themselves in order to gain more publicity by disseminating information relating to their event to their followers and to the rest of the public. Which is what the fair is doing with Honeycombers and the Wall Street Journal.

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The Honeycombers (2019). Drawn to art? Discover contemporary canvases that won’t break the bank at Affordable Art Fair Singapore (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://thehoneycombers.com/singapore/affordable-art-fair-2019/

Corporate Partners: Peroni, Ruinart & Sarnies

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The Sarnies Café

By being part of the fair, Peroni, Ruinart and Sarnies will be able to tap on the fair’s customer base and use it as a platform to promote their brand gain brand recognition. They could also conduct product testings at the fair and obtain feedback on how to improve them.

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The Ruinart Champagne Bar

The Community

What the Event does for the Community

Thanks to the Affordable Art Fair, the local community of Singapore had been given a platform from which they could all come together to learn and appreciate the many different art forms that exist and how the cultural background of an artist can influence their art form and artwork.

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A combination between the Buddha statue (Eastern) and a Storm Trooper (Western)

Though, the appreciation of an art piece with the influence of the artist’s cultural background may lead to the dilution of another culture (artistically speaking). For example, a local artist gets inspired by the artwork of a foreign artist. And wishes to incorporate foreign influences into his community’s artistic techniques.

Of course, I understand that it is impossible to prevent such instances from occurring. As, the existence of the art fair also lead to innovation and creativity which is inevitable. So, what the community could do, as opposed to limiting creativity, is to educate local artists on their artistic traditions so as to not forget their artistic roots.

As I had mentioned earlier, the Affordable Art Fair is hosted in 10 different cities, with Singapore being the only Southeast asian city to host the event. Thus, the Affordable Art Fair has the capability to increase tourism number in Singapore by attracting visitors from neighbouring countries who wish to attend the fair.

However, with the increase in the number of tourists in Singapore comes the increase in congestion as well. The increase in tourist numbers can cause overcrowding in areas in and around the fair. Such as the shopping malls, pedestrian traffic and the roads (vehicular congestion).

In order to better control traffic in and around the fair. The community could inform and educate tourists on the different malls found in the area, the different routes that lead in and out of the fair area as well as the different modes of transport that is available for their use. So, no one place will be too crowded.

What the Community does for the Event

Looking at what I have written above, it is clear to see that the community has to go through great lengths in order to mediate the negative impacts of the event. Which shows how important the event is to the community as its benefits outweighs its drawbacks.

And the same could be said that the community is just as important to the event as the event is to the community. As the community provides the event the reason for its continued existence in the form of event attendees. Without these attendees, the event will not have a reason to continue their endeavour in Singapore for as long as they have.

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The community also provides the event with the manpower needed for the before, during and after of the event. Without the help of the locals, the event would not be able to run as smoothly and provide the best experience for the attendees. Although, the fair will have to worry about training the locals and ensuring they provide service consistency.

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Workers at the Wrapping Desk area

To conclude, both parties will find out one way or another when collaborating with each other, that the other party will have their own set of benefits as well as a set of drawbacks to go along with it. Regardless, they will still come to the same conclusion that they are both equally important to one another. And that their survival and excellence are dependent on each other.

The Attendees

Motivation for going to the Event

As I had said, the attendees are integral to the continued existence of the Affordable Art Fair in Singapore. But, why do they bother going to the event in the first place? There are many reasons why an attendee would be motivated to participate in the fair, and one motivational factor could be their family ties.

Family ties is a motivational factor that believes that attending an event such as the fair would improve family bonds and establish lines of communication (conversation starter/topic). And the many children’s programme options is a sure-fire way for parents and their children to bond and talk about.

For example, the Mark Making Explorer is a non-parent accompanied tour. Which gives the kids a more personalised experience, as they get to explore the arts on their own. And since the parent(s) were not with them, they will have something to talk about on the way home.

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Mark Making Explorer area

Another motivational factor is entertainment value of the event, which basically just means how entertaining the event is to the individual. And the event aims to please with its many different art programmes for attendees. For example, the ALEXANDMUSHI portable studio. The artists invite guests to be a part of their gallery, making it one of the more interactive and personalised activities at the fair.

Social Media Promotions

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One of the few social media strategies that the fair has utilised is the use of social networks. The fair uses social networks as a way to build their event profile by providing general information and providing a space for fan interaction. It is also a platform for data collecting and a way to deliver media-rich content. The social networks that the Affordable Art Fair uses are Instagram and Facebook.

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Instagram (2019). Affordable art fair sg (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.instagram.com/affordableartfairsg/

Another strategy that the fair uses is professional networks. And it helps to create a buzz among industry professionals by establishing an event profile/page. It can also help to recruit potential fair volunteers and/or employees as well as keep industry professionals up to date about the event. One professional network that the fair uses is the Wall Street Journal.

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The wall street journal (2011). At fair, new names and light wallets (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111904353504576567070378538688

Was using the 2 strategies I had just mentioned worth it? In my opinion, yes it was. At the start I had already stated that the fair has grown exponentially since is first edition in Singapore. However, if you were looking at a more recent example. Look no further than their Instagram page.

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Instagram (2019). Affordable art fair sg (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.instagram.com/p/BqPpDU1h55H/

The image above shows the fair welcoming people to join the 2018 edition of the fair, and it only has 742 views to date. However, if we see the image below, we can see the fair doing the same thing except it is for the 2019 edition of the fair, which got over 10,000 views.

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Instagram (2019). Affordable art fair sg (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.instagram.com/p/B5J1B7rn0Kw/

We can accredit the recent success of its social media marketing efforts to the fair. However, if they could achieve that kind of growth seen above solely on their own merits. Then, they would not need to help of the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) in the first place. The fair needs the help to promote themselves in order to gain traction, and the National Arts Council of Singapore is more than happy to oblige.

The National Arts Council (NAC)

The mission of the NAC is to champion the creation and appreciation of arts in Singapore and to make it an integral part of our everyday lives. And in order to do so, the NAC has placed all of its efforts into engaging the Singapore community and supporting its arts industry.

The vision of the NAC is to make Singapore home to distinct yet diverse arts that inspires Singapore, build connections in the community and position Singapore globally (artistically speaking). They hope to achieve this vision by cultivating Singapore’s accomplished artists and companies while preserving Singapore’s cultural traditions.

To Achieve the Mission

In order to achieve their mission, the NAC has decided to engage with the Singapore community by bringing arts-based activities made in collaboration with artists, community partners and corporate partners to the community’s shared space. Using this, the NAC aims to reach different segments of society in different areas. An example of such activities is the Arts in your Neighbourhood activity.

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A picture of the crowd attending the Arts in Your Neighbourhood activity at Our Tampines Hub

Another way the NAC has set about achieving their mission through community engagement is supporting youths through an initiative called Noise Singapore. Noise Singapore offers the youth a platform from which they can connect with each other through the arts by learning, co-creating and showcasing their artistic talents.

The NAC also provides funding to artist and art organisations who are actively engaged in activities that will benefit the art landscape of Singapore. For example, the NAC has a list of grants (see image below), such as the Seed grant, which is meant to help starting artists and art organisations kick-start their projects and formalise their operations.

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National Arts Council (2015). Funding (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.nac.gov.sg/whatwedo/support/funding.html

To Achieve the Vision

As part of their vision, the NAC would like Singapore to be positioned globally in an artistic sense. And continuing the topic on NAC grants, Singapore artists can apply for the Market and Audience Development grant or the Capability Development grant in order to support their overseas endeavours.

Furthermore, the NAC made strides internationally in order to strengthen Singapore’s position as a hub for the arts. For example, the NAC works closely with the Singapore Ministry of Foreign affairs and the Australia Council for the Arts in order to design and develop cultural exchange initiatives.

And in order to cultivate and celebrate Singapore based artists, the Cultural Medallion was introduced to acknowledge the individuals whose artistic brilliance has helped to enrich and distinguish Singapore’s art and cultural landscape. And the medallion has been bestowed on 125 artists since its inception (below are some recent winners).

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National Arts Council (2015). Cultural Medallion (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.nac.gov.sg/singaporeartsscene/culturalMedallion/overview.html

Looking to the Future

The NAC knows better than to stop their momentum from continuing, and based Our SG Arts Plan (2018-2022) on their vision. In order to bring the community together and think about how Singapore represents artistically to a global community. The NAC has identified 3 strategic thrusts (see image below).

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National Arts Council (2015). Our sg arts plan (2018-2022) (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.nac.gov.sg/aboutus/Our-SG-Arts-Plan-2018-2022.html

And guided by these 3 strategic thrusts, the NAC has identified 8 components (see image below) that will help guide the NAC and future art and culture initiatives.

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National Arts Council (2015). Our sg arts plan (2018-2022) (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.nac.gov.sg/aboutus/Our-SG-Arts-Plan-2018-2022.html

My Impression of the NAC

I am unable to lie to myself; I am very impressed with what the NAC has got going on right now. My expectations were not too low in my opinion. However, the NAC’s plans were much more elaborate and expansive than what I had first thought. At first, I assumed that the NAC was only looking to develop the arts within Singapore. But, after further research, that clearly is not the case.

Even when talking about the development of the arts within Singapore, I had only expected the NAC to be focusing more on the youths (as defined by the NAC). But I never expected them to have a programme that focuses solely on the elderly in the form of the Silver Arts. Which is a festival dedicated to celebrating seniors and creative ageing.

National Arts Council (2015). Silver Arts (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.nac.gov.sg/whatwedo/engagement/artsforall/silver-arts.html

And if I am being honest, the idea that the NAC would even consider looking outwards (globally) never crossed my mind for whatever reason. And when I first found out that they did look beyond Singapore, I was surprised, but I was not amazed. However, they continued to surpass my expectations and went beyond funding Singapore artists abroad. But even collaborating with other countries’ arts council and what not.

And what I have mentioned above is only scratching the surface of what the NAC has in store for the development of art and culture for the Singapore community and beyond. I am just really and genuinely impressed with the NAC and what they have done and are about to do.

Helping the Affordable Art Fair Singapore

Based on my research above, it is my belief that the NAC will be more than willing to help the Affordable Art Fair Singapore with their promotional efforts and in any other way they can. As, the fair looks to benefit the Singapore arts landscape (said so by Mr Alan Koh) and has an international platform/audience that the NAC can exploit.

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References

Affordable Art Fair Singapore (@affordableartfairsg) • Instagram photos and videos. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.instagram.com/affordableartfairsg/.
Affordable Art Fair Singapore 2019. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://artsrepublic.sg/events/2019/11/affordable-art-fair-singapore-2019.
Affordable Art Fair Singapore 2019. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.eventbrite.com/e/affordable-art-fair-singapore-2019-tickets-68172125663?_eboga=1903479025.1574605273.
APACTix. (n.d.). F1 Pit Building. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.apactix.com/venues/detail/f1-pit-building.
APACTix. (n.d.). F1 Pit Building. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.apactix.com/venues/detail/f1-pit-building.
Cohen, R. I. (2019, August 6). 10 Reasons to Support the Arts in 2019. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.americansforthearts.org/2019/02/25/10-reasons-to-support-the-arts-in-2019.
Community. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.nac.gov.sg/whatwedo/engagement/artsforall.html.
Fern, O. S. (2019, August 30). Affordable Art Fair returns for 10th edition from Nov 22 to 24. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/arts/affordable-art-fair-returns-for-10th-edition-from-nov-22-to-24.
Home. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://affordableartfair.com/fairs/singapore/speakers.
Home. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://affordableartfair.com/fairs/singapore/whats-on.
Honeycombers Singapore: restaurants, bars, culture and local style. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://thehoneycombers.com/singapore/.
Journal, W. S. (n.d.). Breaking News, Business, Financial & Economic News, World News and Video. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.wsj.com/.
Katz, P. (2016, April 21). Ruinart logo, the oldest established Champagne house, exclusively producing champagne since 1729.: Graphic design branding, Branding design, Logos design. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.pinterest.co.uk/amp/pin/204491639309365849/.
Market, A. and. (2019, November 1). Affordable Art Fair Singapore Back for 10th Edition. Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.artandmarket.net/news/2019/11/01/affordable-art-fair-singapore-back-for-10th-edition.
Mission, Vision & Values. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.nac.gov.sg/aboutus/mission-vision.html.
Our SG Arts Plan (2018 – 2022). (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.nac.gov.sg/aboutus/Our-SG-Arts-Plan-2018-2022.html.
Overview. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.nac.gov.sg/whatwedo/engagement/YouthArts/Overview.html.
Overview. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.nac.gov.sg/singaporeartsscene/Going-International/Overview.html.
Partners. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://affordableartfair.com/partners/singapore.
Peroni Logo on Logonoid.com. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://logonoid.com/peroni-logo/.
Sarnies Group. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from http://sarniescafe.com/sarniesgroup.
Silver Arts. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.nac.gov.sg/whatwedo/engagement/artsforall/silver-arts.html.
Singapore Cancer Society. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from https://www.giving.sg/web/singapore-cancer-society.
Visual Arts Development Association Singapore. (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2019, from http://www.vada.org.sg/.

My First Spa Visit

Kenko Wellness

For my inaugural visit, the spa establishment that I had decide to visit was Kenko Wellness. According to their website, Kenko Wellness was founded in 1991 and has become Singapore’s largest chain of foot reflexology and spa with over 25 years of experience. Presently, Kenko Wellness has over 20 outlets in South East Asia. And their core values are on display in the image below.

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Kenko Wellness (n.d.). Kenko About(Screenshot). Retrieved from http://kenko.com.sg/about/

First Contact with Kenko Wellness

I came across Kenko Wellness from a list of CaseTrust accredited spas that I found on the CaseTrust website while I was deciding where to go for my first spa experience. At first, what caught my attention was the name of the establishment. But what really sold me was the simplicity and mildness of their website.

The colours of the website were simple and blended well with each other and are gentle on the eyes. The information that was provided was simple and easy to understand. And the website was easy to navigate. So, choosing the service I wanted and booking an appointment was as easy as pie.

However, the website can still be improved upon. As I was looking for special promotions that they might have for students, I realised that my efforts were all for naught. I was only able to find their promotions after having a look at their social media channels, such as Facebook and Instagram. In the image below, the promotions page is non-existent on their website.

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Kenko Wellness (n.d.). About (Screenshot). Retrieved from http://kenko.com.sg/about/

I believe that it will be more beneficial for Kenko Wellness to have their promotions on their main website as well as their social media channels. It will be less time consuming for interested parties to search for such promotions on an entirely different marketing platform. And it will show Kenko’s Wellness efforts to remain consistent.

Adding onto things, there does not seem to be significant efforts to market and promote their services. Though they have quite a following on their social media platforms, the reaction they get is underwhelming to put it nicely.

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Kenko Wellness (n.d.). KenkoSG (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.instagram.com/kenkosg/

Perhaps Kenko Wellness could offer more appealing promotions to different market segments and/or develop better and more focused marketing strategies in order to gain some traction with their target market(s).

The Kenko Experience

My Arrival

After booking the appointment, I arrived at the establishment and I noticed that the colour scheme of the establishment was the same as their website. Which I thought was a nice touch, as it brought a sense of familiarity and consistency.

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Aroma Diffusers at Work

 

And when I entered, there was a soothing melody being played in the background. Which I really appreciated, as I was feeling rather nervous about my first visit to a spa. And there were a few aroma diffusers in use, though I could not appreciate the smell being released. So, that luxury was wasted on me.

 

 

As I was saying, when I entered the establishment I was greeted by a receptionist and my check-in process began. The process felt lacklustre and unprofessional coming from a spa company with over 20 years of experience. All I was required to do was provide my personal information on a sheet of paper.

I would have felt better about the process if they had conducted a consultation session with me or had given me a consultation form. That way, they could have found out more about me and shown that they genuinely cared for my well-being (not saying they do not). And finding out more about me would have helped to optimise my spa experience and treatment. As well as improving upon them in subsequent session should I return.

Furthermore, issuing consultation forms to clients helps to protect the spa and its employees. And having records on your previous clients will lead to better understanding. And thus, an improved standard of service. So, taking such actions is befitting and beneficial for a spa establishment with over 20 years of experience.

Another concern of mine was that their booking process/system had no way of ensuring that the customer would turn up on the day of the appointment. The current system/process only notifies and provides the establishment of our arrival and appointment details.

I recommend that they implement a loyalty/membership system, whereby clients get rewarded for the number of times they utilise a service or something along those lines. If they are able to confirm the attendance of the clients, they would have better control over opportunity costs. For example, a time slot could be given to another client, if the entitled client is unable to show up.

After the check-in process was completed, I was brought to the waiting area while I awaited my turn. They had kept the waiting area very neat, as I noticed that the cushions were not crumpled nor misplaced, and the magazines were not worn-out nor displaced. I did not have to worry about tripping over the electrical wiring as I found them hard to come by.

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Area in Question

However, one section of the waiting area really bothered me. And it was the seating area where I was first brought to. Firstly, the seating had an awkward design which made it uncomfortable to sit on. Secondly, the orange background looked out of place in the red and white colour scheme that I have come to associate Kenko Wellness with. And thirdly, it looked overly extravagant compared with the rest of the waiting area.

 

Journey to the Treatment Room

When the time came, a masseuse came and brought me to my treatment room. Although it was brief, I genuinely enjoyed my walk to the treatment room. I thought that the ambiance down the hallway I used to get to the room was excellent. As, it managed to relax me and put me in a pleasant daze.

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Picture of the Hallway

Adding on to that, I found the route to the room to be short and direct (easy to navigate), the walls were not stained nor sullied, the music being played paired well with the lighting (added to the ambiance) and I could not smell anything that I considered foul or overwhelming.

Although, I felt that clients who were receiving head and/or shoulder massages could have been given more privacy. As, they were located near the entrance into the hallway where they could be seen by onlookers from within and outside of the establishment.

 

The Treatment Room

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My “Attire” and Massage Table

After that pleasant journey, I arrived at my treatment room where I had to change into an attire that they had prepared for me. I had initially thought that I would be brought to a separate changing room. But after further thought, I realised that due to possible space constraints, making the treatment room the changing room as well, may have been the best course of action for them.

Anyhow, I was given some time to change by the masseuse. And, if it was their intention to leave the massage oils outside the room. I thought that it was a good pretence for the masseuse to leave the room and allow me time to change. It also allows for more space in the changing/treatment room.

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Shelf that was Inside the Room

 

 

Speaking of room space, despite the fact that their treatment rooms are rather small (at least mine was to me). Kenko Wellness was able to make do with the space they had available to them. The provided a shelf with clothing hooks for me to place my belonging on. It also doubled as an area where they could store extra towel and pillows and what not.

 

 

 

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Extra “Attires”, Linen and what not

 

Though I had only noticed this after the treatment. Another area where they would store what the therapist needed, was under the massage table. Where they kept extra shorts, linen and a chair for the masseuse to use.

 

 

 

The changing/treatment room was also well maintained in my eyes. There were no visible stains on the walls or floor, areas underneath the massage areas were free from dust and the air conditioning was in working order and was kept dry. I had also noticed that they had kept items such as trash bins and soiled linen bags out of sight. Which prevented the room from looking filthy.

The Treatment Experience

As this was my first time visiting a spa, I am unable to give an expert opinion on the massage techniques or what oils they were using and how beneficial it is and what not. But I will describe the observations I made during the massage.

While I was on the massage table, I noticed that the ambiance inside the room was consistent with the ambiance I experienced down the hallway outside. And I felt like the room was soundproof, as I was not able to hear anything apart from the air conditioning in the room. And both these factors were able to relax me enough that I almost dozed off, only to be awakened by the elbows of the masseuse.

Speaking of the masseuse, I realised that during the massage when she asked me questions and what not. The tone of her voice was very soothing and tranquil. Matching the ambiance in the room, making the massage experience more cohesive.

One thing that did bother me at the end of the massage was I did not know how long the massage actually took. There was not clock or timer inside the room, so I could not keep track of the time. Thus, I was unsure whether I got what I paid for.

The End of the Experience

When I changed out of the “attire” and walked out of the room, the light that came from outside the establishment struck me in the face and it took my eyes and mind awhile to adjust to the “new” environment.

When I walked back down the hallway and out of the treatment areas, I was brought to the relaxation area where I was allowed to slowly but surely come back to reality. The masseuse prepared and brought me some tea to help me with my “recovery” process.

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The Tea that was brought to me

I took my time finishing the tea and took an even longer time relaxing in order to get my mind back into working order. After which, I went to the receptionist, and paid for the service they provided me and left.

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The Receipt that was given to me after Payment

Meeting Requirements

Earlier, I mentioned that I found Kenko Wellness by looking at a list of CaseTrust accredited spas. After booking my appointment, I went and did further research on what a CaseTrust accredited spa entailed. And basically, being CaseTrust accredited proves that the establishment has consumer-friendly business practices.

It is also a requirement to be CaseTrust accredited if a Spa has a Category 1 Message Establishment licence. The Massage Establishment (ME) licence is a licence that aspiring massage establishment owners have to apply for if they intend on setting up a spa. And there are 5 different ME licence categories with Category 1 (CAT 1) being one of them.

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CaseTrust Accreditation Assurance

And there are requirements that a spa establishment have to satisfy in order to retain their CAT 1 licence and CaseTrust accreditation. Otherwise, they will not be permitted to continue operations. And Kenko Wellness is no exception.

Category 1 (CAT 1) Licence Requirements

The requirements of a CAT 1 licence focuses more on the operational side of the spa establishment. It focuses on things such as operating hours and massage room conditions among other conditions.

All Kenko Wellness establishments start operations at 10 AM and most of their outlets tend close up shop at 10 PM. Which made me doubt whether Kenko Wellness has met the operating hours criteria. As, according to the Singapore Police Force (SPF) website, the operating hours of spa establishments are from 7 AM to 10.30 PM unless stated otherwise by the acting licensing officer (LO).

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Kenko Wellness (n.d.). Outlets (Screenshot). Retrieved from http://kenko.com.sg/outlets/

So, I am assuming that Kenko Wellness has come to some sort of an agreement with their LO. Cause if not, they have failed to meet one of the requirements of a CAT 1 spa licence holder.

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Treatment Room Door with a Locking Device

 

 

Another aspect of Kenko Wellness which caused me to doubt whether they have managed to satisfy the requirements of a CAT 1 spa was the design of their massage/treatment rooms. In the image to my left, we can clearly see a lock on the door. Which, according to the SPF website, should not be there at all.

 

 

 

 

As for the other requirements of a CAT 1 spa, it was difficult me to determine whether it has been satisfied by the establishment or not. For example, one of the other conditions is that an employee register (as seen below) must be maintained and submitted to the LO or police for inspection.

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Singapore Police Force (SPF) (09 April 2019). Licensing Conditions for Category I and Category I (Provisional) Licences (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.police.gov.sg/e-Services/Police-Licences/Massage-Establishment-Licence

As you can see, the register has personal information on the employees of the spa establishment. So, I do not believe that the spa would be willing to disclose such information to the public just to prove that they have met the CAT 1 spa licence criteria.

So based on what I have said thus far, I came to the conclusion that we as consumers, are unable to truly tell whether a spa establishment has met the requirements of a CAT 1 spa, as there is too much going on behind the scene that we do not know of.

Not only that, the LO has to handle each spa establishment on a case by case basis. As, no 2 spas are the same. So, we as consumers will just have to put our faith into the LO that is in charge of the spa establishment.

CaseTrust Accreditation Requirements

As for the CaseTrust Accreditation requirements, it focuses more on the business practices of the spa establishment, which makes it easier to evaluate as a consumer as we experience them. They have requirements relating to the business’s policies, communication, practices & systems and personnel.

CaseTrust’s criterion on policies handles the terms and conditions, pricing and payment methods, security and the goods of the business. For example, under the terms & conditions of sales criteria, a business has to clearly state the terms and conditions relating to the redemption of vouchers. As demonstrated by Kenko Wellness in the image below.

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Kenko Wellness (n.d.). Gift Vouchers (Screenshot). Retrieved from http://kenko.com.sg/product/60-mins-foot-hand-shoulder-massage/

The criterion on communication handles external communication and advertising & promotions of the business. For example, spa establishments are required to give adequate information on prices, quality, availability and terms of sales. Which in my opinion, Kenko Wellness failed to do.

As for the practices & systems criterion, it covers a larger range of aspects as compared to the other criteria. Such as retailing, feedback management and goods & services. And it is a requirement (under goods & services) for businesses to serve beverages after treatments as part of post therapy care. Which, Kenko Wellness did for me.

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Post Treatment Beverages

And lastly, the criterion for personnel which encompasses performance, knowledge and dressing & grooming. And Kenko Wellness was able to ensure that their staff did not practice any unethical sales tactics and maintained professional grooming standards.

As I had mentioned earlier, it is easier for us consumers to evaluate whether an establishment has satisfied the CaseTrust accreditation requirements as we experience these requirements.

However, the same could be said that we as consumers are unable to evaluate an establishment as we have yet to experience said requirements. Thus, it is a daunting task for me to give an accurate evaluation of Kenko Wellness’s ability to satisfy the CaseTrust accreditation requirements based on a single visit.

Reflecting on the Experience

Earlier, I mentioned that there seems to be a lack of effort from Kenko Wellness when it comes to the marketing and promotion of their brand, products and services. And that they are lacking a proper membership system that will attract and retain clients. Which is proving fatal in their efforts to retain customers.

Kenko Wellness has to understand that they are unable to afford such flaws, as there are plenty of other CAT 1 spas for their customers to choose from should they decide to leave. Even if they are able to provide a high quality of service, what is there to say that their competitors are unable to do the same if not better?

Right now, Kenko Wellness should do the obvious, which is introducing a membership system that will succeed in retaining consumers, before they decide to do anything else. I recommend introducing a membership system which has different levels/categories that is similar to Marriott’s own membership program.

Membership programs are able to help businesses retain their customers as it makes people invest in their own efforts. Marriott’s membership system gives better rewards and benefits to those who put more effort into using Marriott related products/services/brands.

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Marriott Bonvoy (2019). Member Benefits (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.marriott.com/loyalty/member-benefits.mi

Those who are members and stay more nights per year get are placed in a higher category and get better benefits from Marriott. Kenko Wellness should introduce something similar as this will not only help to retain consumers. But, drive up sales numbers as well.

I used to think that coming up with new and exotic spa treatments was the best way forward for the spa industry. But now, having actually gone to a spa and learning about it. I now believe that the key to the survival of the spa industry are customer retention and improving on customer experience.

Sure, new and exotic treatments can and do attract new customers, but only for so long. And there are a limited number of “new” treatments a spa can come up with and utilise. So, my hope now is that the spa industry takes note of and learn how the other industries optimise customer experience and retain customer loyalty. They could even collaborate with one another and use each other as platforms to boost themselves up.

References

Overview of ACRA. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.acra.gov.sg/who-we-are/overview-of-acra.
Who Must Register with ACRA? (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.acra.gov.sg/how-to-guides/before-you-start/who-must-register.
Massage Establishment Licence. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.police.gov.sg/e-Services/Police-Licences/Massage-Establishment-Licence.
Search within Legislation. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Acts-Supp/45-2017/Published/20180110?DocDate=20180110.
HOME. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.casetrust.org.sg/accreditation-detail.aspx?id=5.
HOME. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.casetrust.org.sg/accreditation.aspx.
HOME. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.casetrust.org.sg/Download.
Accreditation Scheme fo Spa & Wellness Businesses. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.casetrust.org.sg/Upload/download/pdf/Info Kit – Spa & Wellness.pdf.
ABOUT. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from http://kenko.com.sg/about/.
Kenko Wellness Spa. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.facebook.com/kenkosg/.
Kenko Wellness Spa (@kenkosg) • Instagram photos and videos. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.instagram.com/kenkosg/.
Marriott International, Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2019, from https://www.marriott.com/loyalty/member-benefits.mi.
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Attractions Management Field Trip Assignment

About Me

‘By submitting this work, I am declaring that I am the originator of this work and that all other original sources used in this work has been appropriately acknowledged. I understand that plagiarism is the act of taking and using the whole or any part of another person’s work and presenting it as my own without proper acknowledgement. I also understand that plagiarism is an academic offence and that disciplinary action will be taken for plagiarism.’

Overview of the Museum

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TripAdviser (2018). National Museum Singapore (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.tripadvisor.com.sg/Attraction_Review-g294265-d324550-Reviews-National_Museum_of_Singapore.html

With a history dating back to 1887, the National Museum of Singapore is the nation’s oldest museum with a progressive mind. Beneath its 19th-century colonial exterior, it uses cutting-edge technology to present the nation’s legacy and development. Its galleries highlight fresh perspectives of the Singapore story as they take you on an immersive voyage – one where creative storytelling redefines the conventional museum experience. 

A cultural and architectural landmark in Singapore, the National Museum hosts innovative activities and events all year round. These include the well-loved Night Festival, visually arresting art installations, as well as performances and film screenings of different styles and genres. You will also find a wide range of facilities and services such as a resource centre which has a growing collection of about 15,000 publications related to cultural studies, design and Singapore’s history. (National Museum Singapore, 2017).

The National Museum of Singapore is a state museum and it is the oldest museum in Singapore. It has long been a prominent landmark along Stanford Road with its wide facade and large dome. It spans an area of 18,400 square meters which makes the museum the largest museum in Singapore with exhibits which reflects the rich history of Singapore and the surrounding region.

The Museum’s Purpose

The National Museum of Singapore is the nation’s oldest museum that seeks to inspire with stories of Singapore and the world. Its history dates back to 1887 when it opened on Stamford Road as the Raffles Library and Museum. (National Museum Singapore, 2017).

The original purpose of the National Museum was to be a repository for zoological specimens, and documenting the natural history of Singapore and the surrounding region. However, the zoological specimens would often suffer from mould growth when kept at the museum.

After Singapore’s independence in 1965, the purpose of the museum shifted and focused on reflecting the young nation’s cultural and academic interests, and this helped to define its new position on the world stage.

In 1972, The zoological specimens that was originally stored in the national museum was transferred to the the zoology department of the National University of Singapore, which allowed the museum to focus solely on the history, art and ethnology of Singapore.

History of the Museum

The history of the National Museum of Singapore dates back all the way to Singapore’s Colonial era. And in 1823, plans to found a museum in Singapore were first brought up. However, the idea was unfortunately delayed for 20 years. An attempt to found a museum finally began when the Temenggong of Johor donated 2 gold coins to the Singapore Library. The donation marked the beginning of the Museum’s vast collection of historical artefacts that we now know today.

The museum was first set up and housed in the library of Raffles Institution, which was known back then as the Singapore institution. In 1863, both the museum and the library was relocated to Victoria Theatre, which was the Town Hall of Singapore way back when. And discussions for a government supported museum finally began a decade or so later.

A committee of 8 prominent citizens were appointed and were tasked with organising the exhibition of Colonial Products as well as supervising the establishment of an institution known as the Raffles Library and Museum. And in 1882, it was decided by the municipality that a respectable museum building was to be built on the land that was available on Stamford Road, which is the current site of the National Museum. Construction of the museum began in 1884 and ended in 1887 and was guided by Sir Henry E. McCallum, the architect of the museum.

Sir Frederick Weld, Governor of the Straits Settlements at the time, ceremoniously unlocked the front doors of the museum on the 12th of October 1887. And by 1910, the Raffles Library and Museum became a highly regarded establishment in spite of its many problems at the time.

The museum was home to an immense collection of artefacts and specimens from a variety of fields such as zoology, botany and geology just to name a few that were collected from the Malayan region. This then lead to proposals to build a new and improved museum elsewhere to house the museum’s growing collection. However, the idea to build a new museum was abandoned as the existing site of the museum was thought to have been ideal.

Instead, the museum expanded, with a parallel block constructed behind the museum to cater to the increasing collection of the museum. More extensions were added to the museum in 1916 with a library wing added with architecture that was consistent with the original museum.

Dr Karl R. Hanitsch, a German-born entomologist who served the curator and director of the Raffles Library and Museum between 1895 and 1919 was instrumental in collecting portraits, plans and photograph of old Singapore and these items belonged to the Singapore history collection which he began.

In the 1960s, the museum separated from the library, and its name was changed from the Raffles Museum to the National Museum. The National Museum was then renamed the Singapore History Museum from 1993 to 2006. The museum was temporarily moved to Riverside Point in 2003 due to redevelopment and renovation. And in 2006, the museum returned to its original site and officially became known as the National Museum of Singapore.

Museum Admission Fees Information

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National Museum Singapore (2017). Visitor Information (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/visitor-information
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National Museum Singapore (2017). Visitor Information (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/visitor-information

 

1 Valid proof of identity (eg. passport, school pass) must be presented at the Visitor Services counter to enjoy concession admission.

2Admission is free for non-Citizen / non-Permanent Resident Students from the following types of schools in Singapore:

  • 100% government schools: Primary, Secondary, ITE, Junior College, Polytechnic, NAFA & LaSalle
  • Government-Aided Schools / Independent Local Schools: eg. Hwa Chong School Institution, Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore Sports School & SOTA
  • Singapore Universities: eg. NUS, NTU, SMU, SUTD, SIT, SUSS, NIE

Concession admission fee applies to non-citizen and non-Permanent Resident students from the following types of schools:

  • Private Schools and other non-NHB member International Schools in Singapore: eg. Kaplan, MDIS, SIM, LaSalle International
  • International Schools in Singapore with NHB School Membership
  • Students from schools overseas

3 Applies to non-Citizen and non-Permanent Resident persons with disabilities (PWDs). One caregiver accompanying visitors with disability will enjoy free admission, regardless of caregiver’s nationality.

A valid Frank by OCBC credit or Debit card must be used for payment and promotion is applicable for special exhibition only.

A valid Singapore International Photography Festival ticket and proof of identity must be presented at the museum’s Visitor Services counter to enjoy promotions and promotion is applicable for special exhibition only.

Museum Exhibition and Galleries

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Visitors will be able to meet the various historical figures that helped to shape Singapore as well as landmark objects that are of great significance to each phase of Singapore’s history. Visitors will also be able to find out about how different communities that settled Singapore use to go around about their daily lives, their dreams and ambitions, and how their contributions help to shape Singapore to what it is today.

Permanent Exhibition and Programmes 

Singapore History Gallery

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The Singapore History Gallery’s updated narrative charts the development of the island as it was known through the years as Singapura, a Crown Colony, Syonan-To, and finally, Singapore. (National Museum Singapore, 2017).

Located at level 1 of the National Museum of Singapore, the Singapore gallery documents Singapore’s Journey from its humble beginnings (Singapura: 1299 – 1818), to a colony under British control (Crown Colony: 1819 – 1941) , to being occupied by the Japanese in World War 2 (Syonan-To: 1942 – 1945) and the struggles it faced after World War 2 and gaining independence to the city we know and love today (Singapore: 1945 – Present).

Story of the Forest

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Located on the second level of the National Museum, the Story of the Forest created by teamLab, a renowned art collective from Japan, is an impressive art installation which draws its inspiration from 69 drawings that belongs to  the William Farquhar collection of natural history drawings and turns it into 3-D figures.

Through awe inspiring artistry and creative technology, it allows from guest to interact with animated illustrations of the wildlife that lived in and around the Malay peninsula in the 19th century as they make their way down the glass rotunda.

Singapore, Very Old Tree

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Ageing gracefully through decades, trees create a sense of collective identity across generations. Against our changing landscape of modern skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, they stand steadfast as living memoirs of Singapore’s shared heritage.(National Museum Singapore, 2017).

After going through the exhibit that is the Story of the Forest, at the bottom of the glass rotunda, visitors will find themselves at a photography exhibit known as Singapore, Very Old Tree by Robert Zhao, a local artist and photographer.

The exhibit was first commissioned as part of the Singapore Memory Project, but was later exhibited as part of the SG50 celebrations. It showcases 17 photos of trees located around Singapore and highlights the unique stories that is behind every photo and displays the personnel connections locals have with trees found in Singapore.

Non-Permanent Exhibition and Programmes 

In an Instant: Polaroid at the Intersection of Art and Technology

Through a wide range of Polaroid artworks and artefacts, this exhibition offers insight into the story of Polaroid photography, while exploring the impact of instant photography and this social phenomenon of instantaneity on us today. (National Museum Singapore, 2017).

Programmes of the Exhibit

Tickets to any of the programmes listed below do not include admission to the Polaroid Exhibition. Exhibition tickets  can be purchased separately at $10 for citizen and permanent residence and $14 for non-citizens.

Cyanotype: The Art of Sun Printing

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National Museum Singapore (2017). Polaroid Programming (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-programmes/programmes-list/polaroid-programming

 

Date:

17th November 2018, Saturday, 2PM – 4PM

Location in the Museum:

The Salon, Level 1

Price:

$35 per pax (Limited spaces available)

Visitors will be able to pick up and learn one of the oldest forms of printmaking, Cyanotype printmaking. Invented more than 150 years ago by biologist to document their biological discoveries.

Curator Tour

Priscilla, NMS Curator
National Museum Singapore (2017). Polaroid Programming (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-programmes/programmes-list/polaroid-programming

Date:

20th November 2018, Tuesday, 7.30PM – 8.30PM

Price:

$20 per pax (Limited spaces available)

 

 

 

 

The curator of this exhibit, Priscilla Chua, will take visitors on an exclusive after-hours tour of the gallery and help visitors delve deeper into the history of polaroid photography.

Artist Talk by Meridel Rubenstein

Image Courtesy of Meridel Rubenstein
National Museum Singapore (2017). Polaroid Programming (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-programmes/programmes-list/polaroid-programming

 

Date:

6th December 2018, Thursday, 7.30PM – 8.30PM

Location in the Museum:

The Salon, Level 1

Price: $5 per Ticket (Limited spaces available, includes light refreshments)

Since the early 1980s, Meridel Rubenstein has been using non-traditional photography processes to create images on 19th-century palladium, steel, glass, video, and most recently, linen and aluminium.

The materiality of her photographs reflect and draw from the subject matters she depicts. In this engaging talk, Rubenstein will walk us through her interdisciplinary practice, in which she creates alternative-process photographs while conducting and realising research projects in locations around the globe.

Pinhole Photography Workshop

Image courtesy of objectifs
National Museum Singapore (2017). Polaroid Programming (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-programmes/programmes-list/polaroid-programming

Date:

15th December 2018, Saturday, 2PM – 5PM

Location in the Museum:

Seminar Room, Level 2

Price:

$35 per pax (Limited spaces available)

Pinhole cameras were used for photography before digital cameras were introduced. Pinhole cameras relied on camera obscura, otherwise known as the pinhole effect. A naturally occurring optical phenomenon which uses light to project an inverted image through a pinhole. Participants of this workshop will be able to create their very own pinhole cameras using everyday materials and see their photos develop before their eyes.

Other Exhibition and Programmes

Other Exhibitions offered at the National Museum include the likes of:

  • Gallery 10
  • Growing Up
  • History of the National Museum of Singapore
  • Magic and Menace
  • Modern Colony
  • Surviving Syonan
  • Voices or Singapore
  • Wings of a Rich Manoeuvre

Other Programmes offered at the National Museum include the likes of:

  • A Lighter Side of History – Eurasian Christmas
  • Family Fun at the National Museum
  • Singapore Rhapsodies at National Museum

Museum Marketing Channels

Online Websites

Museum Website

The National Museum of Singapore has its own website which promotes its current and up-coming exhibits and programmes. It also provides additional information that potential guest may find useful such as admission fees, amenities that the museum has, the address of the museum and how to get there. And these kind of information generate appeal.

The website is really useful to the museum during the pre and post visit stages. An example of how it may be useful during the pre-visit stage will be when potential guest, especially local guests, find out how cheap the admission fees are. The cheap prices will help to increase the market share of the museum and this then leads to an increase in visitors.

As for the post-visit stage, if guest were delighted by their first visit to the museum. The website will provide information on up-coming events and programs and this will help guest better plan for their next visit. And if the guest were not satisfied, they will be able to leave their comments and feedback on the website. And this will help to improve the museum.

Other Websites

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TripAdviser (2018). National Museum Singapore (Screenshot). Retrieved from https://www.tripadvisor.com.sg/Attraction_Review-g294265-d324550-Reviews-National_Museum_of_Singapore.html

At the bottom of the museum’s website, there is a TripAdvisor badge that is displayed. And it says 2017 Travellers’ Choice. TripAdvisor is a renowned travel-related review website, and for the museum to have positive reviews on their website can really assist the museum, especially when the museum is trying to market itself to new markets.

Having good reviews on a recognised and trusted travel website such as TripAdvisor, just like the museum’s own website, will have an impact on the pre-visit stage. However, being reviewed on such a major website is a double edged sword. People can not only put positive comments, but negative comments as well. So, it is up to the museum to be as consistent as humanly possible so as to ensure everyone that visits the museum is satisfied.

For the pre-visit stages, it will help the museum find new markets. For example, niche markets which the museum has never considered before. Having good reviews on the website will also encourage potential guests to visit the museum.

Social Media Platforms

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National Museum Singapore (2017). Home Page (Screenshot). Retrieved from http.//www.nationalmuseum.sg

The social media platform that the museum uses to engage their audience, as indicated on their website, includes the likes of Instagram, Twitter and Facebook. Using social media platforms is a good way of connecting with regular guests as well as potential guests.

Statista (2018). Global Social Networks Ranked by Number of Users (Digital Image). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/272014/global-social-networks-ranked-by-number-of-users/

The museum can also use social media platforms to entice potential guests into visiting the museum. Not only that, the museum can promote new exhibits and programs which increases usage, retain brand loyalty and potentially increase spending.

According to statista, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter are within the top 12 most used social media platforms in the world. The museum could uses a wider variety of social media platforms, such as Youtube, to reach their intended target market.

 

But using a wider variety will not guarantee success in reaching their intended target market, which in this case is youths. According to research done by Pew Research Centre, Facebook is no longer the dominant social media platform used by youths. It use to be in their previous survey conducted between 2014 – 2015. Facebook was used by 71% of teens between 2014 – 2015. But now, Youtube, Instagram and Snapchat are used by the majority of teens and Facebook is only used by 51% of teens. A significant drop for such a short period time.

In conclusion, the National Museum of Singapore, should not only consider using a wider of social media platforms. But, social media platforms that are dominated by teens. They are already heading towards the correct direction by using instagram. However, they are not limited to one social media platform, so they can begin to use other platforms such as Youtube and Snapchat.

Marketing Outreach

The museum’s website also has a ‘support us’ page, which is meant for parties that are interested in collaborating with the museum. The National Museum marketing outreach reaches out to individuals, corporate support, potential donors of the museum and volunteers.

Collaborating with interested parties can help to increase brand awareness of the museum, especially with corporations as they give the museum an opportunity to reach out to the corporation’s customer base.

Onsite at the Museum

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Onsite marketing for the museum deals with the during visit stage, and it is critical that the expectations of the guest are not only met, but the experience they received exceed their expectations. Otherwise, the pre and post visit stages will be affected negatively. Onsite elements that will help to elevate guest experience will include the likes of free WIFI and translated information boards and signages.

Other onsite elements that could possibly be added include live feedback. Although the museum has an online feedback on their website. Guest may not be able to remember the feedback they would have liked to have given, and this will end u being a detriment to the museum. Other onsite elements that could be added include the likes of gamification and training of staff.

It is important that the museum continuously develop itself as a product as part of their marketing mix so as to generate appeal and give people a new reason to visit the museum. Amenities are part of the the product, and amenities provided by the museum include toilets, lifts and water-coolers. Being a compelling product will also help with product development and diversification as well.

My Field Trip Experience

Singapore History Gallery

Gallery Interaction

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There were a lot of instances and opportunities where I was able to, in a sense, interact with historical figures. An example of that was when I was able to listen to audio from the past and their stories. It helped me better understand what they went through, their struggles and what not, and how they overcame adversity to help build Singapore up to what it is today.

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And listening to Japanese World War 2 propaganda helped me understand the level of animosity that the Japanese had towards their enemies. Another example of an opportunity to interact with historical figures was this area where they had life size versions cut out of past political leaders of Singapore.

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All these opportunities for interaction are good, however, they are very limited to how much they can impact the overall experience of the guest. In the end, the example I had just mentioned is a recorded audio. If I, or any other guest, were to be interested about finding out more or wanted to ask questions, the audio will be unable to change accordingly. And interest in the cut outs of past political leaders dissipates really quickly.

 

 

Lighting

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The lighting of the Singapore History Gallery really contributed to my experience. The lighting helped with the atmosphere of the gallery and it gave me a sense of comfort, warmth and I felt really cozy when I was walking around the gallery.

However, due to how dim the lights were at some areas and how other areas were better lit, I felt disoriented at times and was unable to fully appreciate the artefacts that were on display which hindered my experience, and potentially the experience of future guest. I also felt the dim lighting might be the cause of an accident. So, safety wise for guest it was a poor decision in my opinion.

Artefacts

There were many artefacts that were on display in the gallery, and most of the artefacts looked to have been in good condition. And the information given to accompany the artefacts were plentiful and really helped me to better understand the story behind the artefact. As mentioned earlier, there were areas where I was able to listen to audio from the past and that helped to enhance my experience in the Singapore History Gallery.

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However, all of the information provided seemed to be crammed up and what made the situation worse was how small the words were which made it hard to read. all of which made me uninterested in reading about the artefacts. As mentioned earlier, the lighting really contributed to the atmosphere, but with such inconsistent lighting, some parts of the artefacts were a lot harder to see compared to others.

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Another thing that bugged me was how some artefacts were displayed on its own, and that made the artefact look uninspiring and pointless to say the least.

Final Thoughts on the Exhibit

It is a possibility that the lack of genuine interaction for the guest in the gallery may lead to the guest not wanting to return to the museum.

And in my opinion, it is one way to improve the Singapore History Gallery. There should be an increase in human interaction than there is now currently in the gallery. Meaning, the hierarchy of the National Museum of Singapore should increase opportunities for their employees to interact with guests.

The employees are after all play a vital role in enhancing the guest’s experience at the museum as they are part of the experience. Although the museum may have to deal with issues such as inconsistency, due to some employees being better than others, guest will surely appreciate talking to an actual person rather than to an inanimate object.

Story of the Forest

Aesthetics

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As mentioned earlier, the Story of the Forest was set up by renowned Japanese art collective known as teamLab using art pieces from the William Farquhar Collection of natural history. So, the art pieces that were used and brought to life were really captivating and awe-inspiring to put it lightly.

And the combination of minimal lighting and the music which accompanied the animated art pieces really elevated the exhibition as a whole. Although, guest will have to be more aware of their surroundings due to the dim lighting of the attraction.

Lack of Depth

The aesthetics of the Story of the Forest was really impressive. However, the exhibit as a whole was very limited in a sense. After walking through the whole exhibit and making your way down to the bottom level, I ended up at another exhibition. And that made me feel like the Story of the Forest was in a way incomplete and something was missing from the story

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And the animated art pieces that were located along the walls were repetitive and at times I found it difficult to distinguish from each other. As if instead of seeing 69 separate art pieces, I only saw less than half of the total art pieces that were brought to life.

Final Thoughts on the Exhibit

My first impression of the aesthetics of the Story of the Forest was very positive, as the environment of the exhibit was cohesive and successfully managed to elevate the whole exhibit. This is vital as the surroundings of an attraction is part of the delivery process if the attraction was seen as a service product.

The animated artworks that were on display were on a repeated cycle, and that made the exhibit consistently good. However, this leads back to my point of the exhibit being repetitive.

I also mentioned the fact that the exhibit did not leave me with a sense of closure. It could only have just been me that felt this way about the exhibit. However, if other guests were to feel the same as me they might feel cheated and unwilling to return.

So, it is of the upmost importance that the exhibit, and the museum as a whole, to satisfy their guest at the first time of asking as experience is an intangible product and unsatisfactory experiences are not something that guest can ask for a refund or reimburse for.

Singapore, Very Old Tree

Displays

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The contrast in colours of each photo really captivated me. After walking into the exhibit, I was attracted to the photos like moths to a flame. I felt as if I could admire each photo for hours without realising how much time had past, imagining the many stories behind each photo.

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And even if guest were not able to make up the stories of each photo, the actual story will be presented next to the photo. Although, just like the Singapore History Gallery, the text will be relatively difficult to conjure as the text are small and there is minimal lighting which makes it even harder to read.

Straightforward

Just like the Story of the Forest, this exhibit is rather limited. But in a different way. The Story of the Forest was limited in a sense that it was rather repetitive and could have been more, as if it were lacking depth and something about the exhibit, in my eyes, felt incomplete.

The limitation of this exhibit comes from its simplicity. The exhibit is what it is, wonderful photos of trees found across Singapore and the stories and connections between the trees and Singapore citizens. And that it, apart from the amazing photography, beyond that is the exit.

Final Thoughts on the Exhibit

In my opinion, when it comes to this exhibits, motivators and determinants really play an important role. Motivators are factors which make people want to visit the attraction. An example of a motivator for guests will be nostalgia. Trees are everywhere in Singapore, and Singaporeans would have had many experiences in environment that was lush with trees. So, discovering the stories behind the photos may cause guest to reminisce.

Determinants are factors which determine whether potential guests will be able to visit an attraction at all and if they can visit, what type of attraction they will visit and what kind of visit it will be. An example of a determinant which may influence a potential guest to visit the exhibit would be their interests and hobbies, which in this case would be photography. Guest who take interests in photos and/or taking photos will surely marvel when visiting this exhibit.

References

Overview of the Museum

History of the National Museum of Singapore. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2018, from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-exhibitions/exhibition-list/history-of-the-national-museum-of-singapore

National Museum of Singapore. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2018, from https://roots.sg/Content/Places/national-monuments/national-museum-of-singapore

Monuments, P. O. (2015, August 31). National Museum of Singapore. Retrieved November 22, 2018, from http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2015-08-31_132917.html

Home. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2018, from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/

About Us. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/shared-content/exploremuseumtopmenu/about-us-top-menu/overview

National Museum of Singapore. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.visitsingapore.com/see-do-singapore/history/history-museums/national-museum-of-singapore/

Museum Exhibition and Galleries

Singapore History Gallery. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2018, from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-exhibitions/exhibition-list/singapore-history-gallery-2015

Visitor Information. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2018, from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/visitor-information

Story of the Forest. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-exhibitions/exhibition-list/story-of-the-forest

Singapore, Very Old Tree. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-exhibitions/exhibition-list/singapore-very-old-tree

In an Instant: Polaroid at the Intersection of Art and Technology. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-exhibitions/exhibition-list/polaroid

In an Instant: Polaroid at the Intersection of Art and Technology – Programmes. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-programmes/programmes-list/polaroid-programming

Our Exhibitions. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-exhibitions/exhibition-listOur Programme. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nationalmuseum.sg/our-programmes/programmes-list

Museum Marketing Channels

9 Essential Elements of Onsite Engagement. (2017, July 13). Retrieved November 23, 2018, from https://www.eventmanagerblog.com/essential-elements-onsite-engagement

Anderson, M., & Jiang, J. (2018, September 19). Teens, Social Media & Technology 2018. Retrieved November 23, 2018, from http://www.pewinternet.org/2018/05/31/teens-social-media-technology-2018/

 

 

 

Event Sponsorship & Marketing Individual Report on Nestlé

ESM Individual Report

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Company Chosen: Nestlé

Background Information of Nestlé

Early Years

In 1866, the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company was founded and set up in Cham, Switzerland, by two American brothers, George Page and Charles Page. In 1867, the company opened its first condensed milk factory in Cham. And began producing and selling their Milkmaid Brand, and it is still sold today as Nestlé Milkmaid.

By 1891, the company owned 12 factories across the United States and Europe which exported worldwide. However, Charles Page died in 1873, leaving George to run the whole company by himself.

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George Page (Left Picture) and Charles Page (Right Picture)

In 1867, a breakthrough for infant food was discovered by German born Henri Nestlé (Picture below). He developed ‘Farine Lactée’, which means flour with milk, for infants who couldn’t be breastfed and began selling it in Vevey Switzerland. He retired in 1875, selling the Nestlé company and factory to 3 local businessmen.

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Henri Nestlé and creation ‘Farine Lactée’

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It is around 1867 to 1868 where he began to use his now iconic symbol as his trademark. And he was one of the first Swiss manufacturers to build his brand using a logo. And the logo served another purpose, to protect his products from imitators.

 

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The design of the logo was based on the Nestlé family’s coat of arms which featured a bird sitting in a nest. The design was to make a link between his family and his company.

 

 

In 1878, the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company and Nestlé developed a fierce rivalry as the 2 companies began developing and selling different versions of the core product, infant food and condensed milk, of the other company. 

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The Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company promoting their infant food products, which was the core product of Nestlé at that time.

And in 1905, the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company and Nestlé merged into one and became the Nestlé and Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company and began to develop into the company that we know of today.

Modern Times

The headquarters of Nestlé is located in Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland. Mr Paul Bulcke is the current Chairman and former CEO of Nestlé. And the current CEO of Nestlé is Mr Ulf Mark Schneider, who was the CEO of Fresenius, a healthcare company based in Germany.

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Mr Paul Bulcke (Left) and Mr Ulf Mark Schneider (Right)

Nestlé has over 2,000 brands worldwide, such as Maggi, KitKat and Milo among others. And Nestlé sells those products in almost 190 countries. They have over 400 factories in 85 different countries and employs over 300,000 people.

As of May 2017, Nestlé’s market capitalisation is US$ 230 billion. Market capitalisation is the value of a company that is traded in the stock market. They made an estimated US$ 90 billion in sales, made an estimated profit between the ranges of US$ 7 to US$ 9 billion and their assets were worth an estimated US$ 130 billion in 2017.

 

Industries Nestlé Operates In

Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry

Fast moving consumer goods are low costing commodities that have a high turnover rate. Fast moving consumer goods have a very short shelf life due to either the high market demand for such goods or the product worsens over time.

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Such commodities are sold at high volumes with low margins. However, sales of such items may depend on whether it is the holidays and/or the different seasons.

Fast moving consumer goods include food and beverages, home and personal care and cigarettes.

Food and Beverage Industry

The food and beverage industry is divided into 2 segments, the production of food and beverages and the distribution of these edible products. Production includes the processing of packaged food, sweet drinks and other modified food. And distribution refers to transporting the finished good to the customer.

Products under food consist of confectionaries, cereals, ice creams and many others. And Products under beverages include soft drinks and tea.

Pet-Care Industry

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The pet-care industry involves all the products and services that keep pets alive, happy and healthy. These products and services includes pet food, toys, pet training, cages and medical services among many others.

Products and Services of Nestlé

Nestlé has over 2,000 brands of products and services, including global icons such as KitKat, Milo and Nescafe. Below are a few examples of the products and services that they provide to the world.

Baby Foods

Cerelac

The Cerelac brand was first introduce in 1949, and now it is sold in Belgium, India, Philippines, South Africa and Portugal today. It is food for infants who are over 6 months, and when breastmilk can no longer provide nutrition that an infant needs.

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An other brands of baby food include Gerber, Nestum and Graduates.

Cereals

Chocapic

Chocapic, also known as Koko Krunch in South East Asia, is a whole grain cereal that is infused with a chocolatey taste. And is available not only in South East Asia, but also in Latin America and Europe.

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An Interesting fact to know that any Nestlé Cereal that has a green banner at the top is made with whole grain.

Other brands include Cookie Crisp and Estrelitas, also known as Honey Stars.

 

 

 

Chocolates & Confectionaries

Smarties

Since 1937, Smarties has been a popular chocolate brand for the people of Germany, Australia, South Africa, Canada and the United Kingdom.

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Press the link to watch a short video on Smarties

Wonka

nerds-yellowWonka has been in operation since 1983, and the Wonka brand includes candies such as Nerds, Laffy Taffy and Wonk Chocolate.

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nerds-greenOther chocolate and confectionary Brands under Nestlé include KitKat, Crunch, Butterfingers and Orion.

Pet-care

Purina

For more than 75 years, Purina has been developing their pet food recipes in order to reassure pet owners that their pets are getting the proper nutrition and diet they need in order to live long happy lives.

Dog food brands include, Purina has Alpo, Chef Micheal’s Canine Creation, Beneful, Dog Chow and Bakers Complete. And cat food brands include, Purina has Cat Chow, Felix, Supercoat, Gourmet, Fancy Feast and Friskies.

Other Products and Services

As mentioned earlier, Nestlé has over 2,000 brands of products and services. The brands mentioned above barely scratched the surface.

Other Nestlé brands includes a Coffee brand known as Nescafé.Beverage brands such as Milo, Nestea and Nesquick. Diary Brands such as Carnation and Nido. Ice cream brands such as Häagen-Dazs and Mövenpick among many many others.

 

Nestlé Key Types of Customers/Clients

Brand Category

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Retrieved from Nestlé’s 2017 annual sales of the different brand categories in terms of total sales

Nestlé’s key types of customers and clients are those that have a fondness for Nestlé’s powdered and liquid beverages. Followed by lovers of Nestlé’s healthcare nutrition brands. Then in third are those who adore Nestlé’s milk and ice cream products.

Geographically

According to Nestlé’s 2017 annual report, the United States ranked number 1 for sales in terms of geographic location in terms of Swiss Francs (CHF). The total number of sales in the United States was 26.678 billion CHF. China, came in second with 6.578 billion CHF and in third was France with 4.426 billion CHF in sales.

So based on geographic location, Nestlé’s key types of customers and clients are from the United States, China and France. With most of the Sales coming from the United States, United States customers and clients holds precedence over the other countries.

 

Nestlé Key Target Market

Due to having over 2000 brands, Nestlé will understandably have several target markets for their different products. So I will only touch upon a few products that I have mentioned earlier.

Purina Supercoat

The target market for Purina Supercoat consists of pet owners (Demographic), who are located in Asia, Africa and Oceania (Geographic), and are looking for pet food that offers a balanced nutrition for their pets (Behavioural).

Cerelac

The target market for Cerelac consist of mothers with infants who are 6 months old and older (Demographic), who are part of the middle class and above (Psychographic), and are looking for a baby food brand that will provide their child with nutrients essential for their growth and health (Behavioural).

 

SWOT of Nestlé

Strength

Nestlé has one of the largest research and development (R&D) networks of any food company in the world. Nestlé has 3 Science & Research centers and 31 Product Technology centers with more then 5,000 employees worldwide.

Weakness

With over 2000 brands, Nestlé will have difficulty coordinating every single one of them efficiently. And with that many individual brands, decisions made by the Nestlé hierarchy may create conflicts of interest.

Opportunities

Since 2002, the average annual growth rate of the pet-care industry is 5.4% according to the American Pets Product Association (APPA). Nestlé can take advantage of that begin to improve their current pet-care products and/or develop something new to attract more customers.

Threats

Being in many different industries, Nestlé has to face competition on all fronts. And there is increasing competition from foreign and local companies, and it is very difficult for brands to differentiate themselves from each other. Not only that, there are counterfeits that may damage the reputation of a brand.

 

Competitors of Nestlé

Mars, Incorporated

Background Information of Mars, Incorporated

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Franklin Clarence Mars

Mars, Incorporated was founded in 1911 by Frank C. Mars. And with his son, Forrest Mars Sr, began to build the company to what it is today.

First they created the Milky Way bar, then expanding their business overseas and later on the company began to explore into new markets by diversifying the business.

 

 

 

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Forrest Mars Sr.

Today, Mars, Incorporated operates in over 80 countries and employs between 80,000 to 100,000 people. Mr Grant F. Reid is their current CEO and president, and their headquarters is located in McLean, Virginia, United States.

Mars, Incorporated deals in pet-care, confectionary, food and drinks. Brands of Mars, Incorporated includes M&Ms, Twix, Snickers, Mars and Skittles.

 

 

Nestlé Sponsorship Involvements

Past Involvements

IAAF Kids’ Athletics Programme

Nestlé was the main sponsor of the International Association of Athletics Federation (IAAF) Kids’ Athletics Programme. It was a 5 year sponsorship deal which started in January 2012. During those 5 years, Nestlé provided financial assistance in order to develop the IAAF Kids’ Athletics programme which had an audience of over 1.5 million kids in 100 territories by 2011.

With the additional funds, the IAAF Kids’ Athletics programme was able to reach more kids in existing markets and in new markets as well. However, Nestlé terminated the agreement they had with the IAAF in 2016 due to allegations of corruption and doping made against the IAAF.

Current Involvements

FC Barcelona

In 2016, Nestlé Milo became an official club sponsor, and will remain an official club sponsor for the next 4 years. This is the first time Nestlé  has ever made an agreement with a sports club.

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FC Barcelona President, Josep Maria Bartomeu (Left) and Nestlé Executive Vice-President, Patrice Bula

The agreement includes the Nestlé Nesquik brand in the Middle East, Africa and Europe. It also includes publicity, image, merchandising, marketing, association, digital, hospitality rights, promotion and different activities with FCB Escola.

 

Objectives for Involvement

Increase Awareness

A possible reason for Nestlé to get involve in Sponsorship is to increase awareness of their brands. Nestlé has many brands, from the iconic Nestlé Milo and KitKat brand to less well known brands such as Toll House, Cini Minis, Stouffer’s and Peptamen. So, sponsorship is an opportunity for Nestlé to promote their less well known brands.

Using sponsorship, Nestlé will also be able to increase the awareness of their products in new markets. And with sponsorship, Nestlé will be able to bypass any legal prohibition by local authorities on television advertisements.

Image Enhancement

With Sponsorships, Nestlé will be able to reinforce the image of an existing product and build pride among employees and distributors for the product. An example being the agreement that Nestlé has with FC Barcelona.

As mentioned earlier, this is the first time Nestlé has ever made an agreement with a sports club. And by being an official club sponsor, Nestlé will be able to reinforce the already good image the Nestlé Milo has as fans of FC Barcelona are very passionate about their club. So, when they see that Nestlé Milo is supporting their club, they form a very good impression of them.

And there is a chance that some of the employees working for Nestlé are fans of FC Barcelona. So seeing the company that they work for support the club that they love, it might motivate them to work harder or make them feel a sense of satisfaction when they work.

Recommended Sponsorship

The event that I recommend Nestlé to sponsor is Pet Fair Asia.

Background Information on Pet Fair Asia

Pet Fair Asia started in 1997 in Hong Kong, but was moved to Shanghai a year later, and it is now one of the largest exhibition event for pet supplies targeted at the Asian market. In 2017, an estimated 100,000 consumers went for the event, and the number of consumers  in 2017 went up by an estimated 24% as compared to 2016. And there was around 33275 professional visitors in 2017, which is also a 24% increase from 2016.

In 2018, Pet Fair Asia will be co-located with Aquarama, who are the international exhibition for aquariums and terrarium supplies, ornamental fish and reptiles, garden and pond products. And both events will put on show a total of 1300 exhibitors in 10 separate halls. They will be expecting over 110,000 consumers and 50,000 professionals in this years event.

Justification of Sponsorship

Increase in pet-care industry

As mentioned earlier, the pet-care industry has been experiencing a steady growth in recent years. And with pet-care raking in 12.5 billion Swiss Francs (CHF) for Nestlé in 2017, the potential for sales to increase is very plausible.

By sponsoring  Pet Fair Asia, Nestlé will be able to take advantage of the growing pet-care industry, and increase sales, brand awareness and use the event as a way to do product trials or try and sell their existing products

Promoting its own pet-care products

Nestlé’s Purina Supercoat will be able to hit it’s target market, which is pet owners who are located in Asia, Africa and Oceania who are looking for a pet-care brand that is able to provide their pets with a balanced nutrition, if it were to be exhibited  during the event.

As it is a pet fair, with visitors from Asia, Africa and Oceania and other parts of the world attending the fair and Purina Supercoat will be able to provide pets with a balanced nutrition, as evidenced here.

References

(n.d.). Retrieved May 12, 2018, from https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/nestle-company-history/page-brothers-anglo-swiss

(n.d.). Retrieved May 12, 2018, from https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/history/logo-evolution
Nestle on the Forbes America’s Best Employers List. (n.d.). Retrieved May 12, 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/companies/nestle/
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(n.d.). Retrieved May 12, 2018, from https://www.nestle.com/aboutus/overview/keyfigures
Pet Care Industry Analysis 2018 – Cost & Trends. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.franchisehelp.com/industry-reports/pet-care-industry-analysis-2018-cost-trends/
SWOT Analysis of Nestle, the popular food brand. (2016, June 21). Retrieved from http://pestleanalysis.com/swot-analysis-nestle/
Bhasin, H., Osei, D., & Wan, M. (2018, January 13). SWOT analysis of Nestle – Nestle SWOT analysis and 4 P’s. Retrieved from https://www.marketing91.com/swot-analysis-of-nestle/
Jurevicius, O. (2017, January 07). Nestlé SWOT analysis. Retrieved from https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-analyses/nestle-swot-analysis.html
Fast-moving consumer goods. (2018, May 14). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast-moving_consumer_goods
Dallegro, J. A. (2018, April 01). Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fastmoving-consumer-goods-fmcg.asp
A. (2018, January 23). CERELAC® Infant Cereals. Retrieved from https://www.starthealthy.nestle.com.sg/brand/cerelacr-infant-cereals
Iftikhar, Y. B. (2012, October 19). Nestle cerelac marketing plan. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/yumnaiftikhar/nestle-cerelac-marketing-plan
11:00, W. 2. (2016, November 21). Nestlé Milo becomes a new global sponsor of FC Barcelona for the next four years. Retrieved from https://www.fcbarcelona.com/club/news/2016-2017/nestle-milo-becomes-a-new-global-sponsor-of-fc-barcelona-for-the-next-four-years
IAAF: Nestlé becomes main sponsor of world-wide IAAF Kids’ Athletics Programme| News. (2012, January 27). Retrieved from https://www.iaaf.org/news/press-release/nestle-becomes-main-sponsor-of-world-wide-iaa
Pet Fair Asia 2018. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.petfairasia.com/en/exhibitors/reasons-for-exhibiting/
Pet Fair Asia 2018. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.petfairasia.com/en/exhibitors/visitors-profile/
Should all E-numbers be prohibited ? – Truefoodsblog ~ True Foods Blog. (2017, May 24). Retrieved from https://www.truefoodsblog.com/articles/should-all-e-numbers-be-prohibited-truefoods_748/
WikiHow. (2018, May 08). How to Care for Your Older Dog. Retrieved from https://www.wikihow.com/Care-for-Your-Older-Dog
FMCG Market in Iran – Aryan Novel Idea – Knowledge. (2017, August 27). Retrieved from http://aryanidea.com/knowledge/fmcg-market-in-iran/
Barcelona and Nestlé partner to for kids health initiative. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.thedrum.com/news/2016/11/22/barcelona-and-nestl-partner-kids-health-initiative
Our Brands. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.mars.com/global/brands
Mars on the Forbes America’s Best Employers List. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/companies/mars/
The History of Mars, Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.mars.com/global/about-us/history